This fact has key implications for the building up of the periodic table of elements. The ordering of the electrons in the ground state of multielectron atoms, starts with the lowest energy state (ground state) and moves progressively from there up the energy scale until each of the atom’s electrons has been assigned a unique set of quantum numbers. It is the Pauli exclusion principle that requires the electrons in an atom to occupy different energy levels instead of them all condensing in the ground state. In the periodic table, the elements are listed in order of increasing atomic number Z. Visit BYJUS to understand the properties, atomic mass of chlorine and uses of Chlorine (Cl) explained by the expert teachers. Atomic and Molecular Properties Atomic Symbol - Cl Atomic Weight - 35. The data on physical properties of chlorine as determined by different investigators show some variations. The gas is greenish yellow in color and the liquid is clear amber. Chlorine in free form is a heavy gas of a yellowy-green color. The number of electrons in each element’s electron shells, particularly the outermost valence shell, is the primary factor in determining its chemical bonding behavior. Chemical Properties General Chlorine has a characteristic penetrating and irritating odor. Chlorine (Cl) is a chemical element with the atomic number 17 and an atomic mass of 35.453. The configuration of these electrons follows from the principles of quantum mechanics. Chlorine, atomic symbol Cl, has an atomic number of 17 and lies in group 17, the halogen group, of the periodic table. The chemical properties of the atom are determined by the number of protons, in fact, by number and arrangement of electrons. See also: Atomic Number – Does it conserve in a nuclear reaction? Atomic Number and Chemical PropertiesĮvery solid, liquid, gas, and plasma is composed of neutral or ionized atoms. It is the electrons that are responsible for the chemical bavavior of atoms, and which identify the various chemical elements. In a neutral atom there are as many electrons as protons moving about nucleus. The total electrical charge of the nucleus is therefore +Ze, where e (elementary charge) equals to 1,602 x 10 -19 coulombs. Using a simple, general trend for the ionic charge for elements on the Periodic Table, in this video we find the ionic charge for Chlorine (Cl). Total number of protons in the nucleus is called the atomic number of the atom and is given the symbol Z. The nucleus is composed of protons and neutrons. The atom consist of a small but massive nucleus surrounded by a cloud of rapidly moving electrons.
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